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According to legend, the Virgin appeared one Christmas Eve to an artless young man standing in one of Constantinople's most famous Marian shrines. She offered him a scroll of papyrus with the injunction that he swallow it, and following the Virgin's command, he did so. Immediately his voice turned sweet and gentle as he spontaneously intoned his hymn "The Virgin today gives birth." So was born the career of Romanos the Melodist (ca. 485-560), one of the greatest liturgical poets of Byzantium, author of at least sixty long hymns, or kontakia, that were chanted during the night vigils preceding major feasts and festivals.In The Virgin in Song, Thomas Arentzen explores the characterization of Mary in these kontakia and the ways in which the kontakia echoed the cult of the Virgin. He focuses on three key moments in her story as marked in the liturgical calendar: her encounter with Gabriel at the Annunciation, her child's birth at Christmas, and the death of her son on Good Friday. Consistently, Arentzen contends, Romanos counters expectations by shifting emphasis away from Christ himself to focus on Mary-as the subject of the erotic gaze, as a breastfeeding figure of abundance and fertility, and finally as an authoritatively vocal woman who conveys the secrets of her son and the joys of the resurrection.Through his hymns, Romanos inspired an affective relationship between Mary and his audience, bringing the human and the holy into dialogue. By plumbing her emotional depths, the poet traces her process of understanding as she apprehends the mysteries that she embodies. By giving her a powerful voice, he grants subjectivity to a maiden who becomes a mediator. Romanos shaped a figure, Arentzen argues, who related intimately to her flock in a formative period of Christian orthodoxy.

Christian poetry, Byzantine --- Hymns, Greek --- History and criticism. --- Romanus, --- Mary, --- In literature.

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This book explores how the Virgin Mary's life is told in hymns, sermons, icons, art, and other media in the Byzantine Empire before AD 1204. A group of international specialists examines material and textual evidence from both Byzantine and Muslim-ruled territories that was intended for a variety of settings and audiences and seeks to explain why Byzantine artisans and writers chose to tell stories about Mary, the Mother of God, in such different ways. Sometimes the variation reflected the theological or narrative purposes of story-tellers; sometimes it expressed their personal spiritual preoccupations. Above all, the variety of aspects that this holy figure assumed in Byzantium reveals her paradoxical theological position as meeting-place and mediator between the divine and created realms. Narrative, whether 'historical', theological, or purely literary, thus played a fundamental role in the development of the Marian cult from Late Antiquity onward.

Byzantine literature --- Art, Byzantine --- History and criticism. --- Themes, motives. --- Mary, --- Devotion to --- In literature. --- Byzantine Empire --- Religious life and customs. --- Byzantine literature - History and criticism. --- Art, Byzantine - Themes, motives. --- Maria Deipara --- Byzance --- Mary, - Blessed Virgin, Saint - Devotion to - Byzantine Empire. --- Mary, - Blessed Virgin, Saint - In literature. --- Mary, - Blessed Virgin, Saint - Art. --- Byzantine Empire - Religious life and customs. --- Byzantine art --- Art, Medieval --- Christian art and symbolism --- ʻAdhrāʼ --- Arogyamata --- Ārōkkiyamāta --- Birhen ng mga Dukha --- Blessed Lady --- Blessed Mother --- Blessed Virgin Mary, --- Hagnē Theotokos --- Madonna, The --- Majka Isusova --- Mama Mary --- Mare de Déu --- Maria, --- Mariam Astuatsatsin, --- Marie, --- Marie Théotokos --- Marii︠a︡, --- Maryam, --- Maryja, --- Meryem Ana, --- Miryam, --- Mother of God --- Muíre, --- Nossa Senhora --- Our Lady --- Our Lady of Emmitsburg --- Our Lady of Good Health --- Our Lady of Sorrows --- Our Lady of the Blessed Sacrament --- Qiddīsah Maryam --- Theotokos --- Vierge Marie, --- Virgen María, --- Virgin Mary, --- Virgin of the Poor --- Ynang Maria, --- مريم --- مريم العذراء --- 성모마리아 --- Bajo Imperio --- Bizancjum --- Bizantia --- Byzantinē Autokratoria --- Byzantium (Empire) --- Impero bizantino --- Vizantii︠a︡ --- Vyzantinē Autokratoria --- Vyzantinon Kratos --- Mary, - Blessed Virgin, Saint

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“Byzantine thought comes to life in this fabulous book. The authors’ lively writing style and astounding erudition brush away the dust of centuries, revitalizing the texts and images from what they call the ‘long Byzantium.’ And the lives that come to light here are not only human. With care and precision, Arentzen, Burrus, and Peers enable trees to come to the fore as the agents of intellectual, aesthetic, and religious history in their own right.” —Michael Marder, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain “The quest in this three-faceted book is to give voice to the postmodern tree and its cult, while also discovering and enunciating its Byzantine equivalent. Our awe of the tree, majestic, romanticized, and endangered, is so steeped in the threats of our own era that it claims overweening urgency over every other, yet we know that the premodern era preceded many factors of denaturalization that we are now combatting. That is the book's challenge.” —Annemarie Weyl Carr, Professor Emerita, Southern Methodist University, USA This book examines the many ways Byzantines lived with their trees. It takes seriously theological and hagiographic tree engagement as expressions of that culture’s deep involvement—and even fascination—with the arboreal. These pages tap into the current attention paid to plants in a wide range of scholarship, an attention that involves the philosophy of plant life as well as scientific discoveries of how communicative trees may be, and how they defend themselves. Considering writings on and images of trees from Late Antiquity and medieval Byzantium sympathetically, the book argues for an arboreal imagination at the root of human aspirations to know and draw close to the divine. Thomas Arentzen is Researcher in Greek Philology at Uppsala University and Reader in Church History at Lund University, Sweden. Virginia Burrus is Bishop W. Earl Ledden Distinguished Professor of Religion at Syracuse University, USA. Glenn Peers is Professor in the Department of Art and Music Histories at Syracuse University, USA.

Trees --- Dendrology --- Nursery stock --- Woody plants --- Arboriculture --- Forests and forestry --- Timber --- Europe --- Human ecology --- Civilization --- History of Medieval Europe. --- Environmental History. --- Cultural History. --- Cultural history --- Environmental history --- Gay culture Europe --- History --- 476-1492. --- History.

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History of civilization --- History --- History of Europe --- cultuurgeschiedenis --- Europese geschiedenis --- middeleeuwen --- anno 500-1499 --- Europe

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Dragon Keepers Jesse and Daisy, along with their dragon, Emmy, must save their friend Professor Andersson from an evil witch, who happens to be St. George the Dragon Slayer's girlfriend.

Sex --- Theology, Doctrinal. --- Religious aspects. --- Orthodox Eastern Church. --- Christian theology. --- Eastern Orthodox Christianity. --- LGBTQ. --- Sex. --- church history. --- desire. --- same-sex attraction. --- sexuality.